• Plan of the City of Lwow from the Final Years of the 18th Century 2

Plan of the City of Lwow from the Final Years of the 18th Century

Map

ID:
34408
Place
Lviv
Date:
1802
Collection
State Archives of Lviv Region
Source
2/41/8
Copyright
State Archives of Lviv Region
Description

A reproduction of the map of the central part of the city, with part of the territories of the four suburban districts.

The plan is not dated. Since it shows the building of the Hecht Casino, and provides only a schematic depiction of the demolished Nyzkyi Zamok (Low Castle) building complex, we can assume that it was drawn around 1799-1802  [48], с. 75.

No information is provided on the map's author. The present reproduction was performed on the basis of the Plan of the City with its Suburbs (Plan der Stadt samt ihren Vorsädten). The reproduction only uses the territory that directly adjoins the city center.

In comparison with the original plan, the reproduction: employs a larger scale, provides less detail of the relief of the locality, provides schematic depictions of certain construction elements that were absent on the original map (such as the High and Low Castle buildings).

The map was drawn to order of the Measurements and Regulations Division of the City Council's Technical Department possibly between 1911 and 1915.

The plan was printed at the "R. Brzeziński and Co., Arts and Graphics Establishment, Ltd.", a specialized institution for producing color reproductions. Roman Brzeziński was a photographer and publisher. From 1905 until 1911, he was a member of the Lwów Photographic Society (Lwowskie towarzystwo fotograficzne). In 1907-1911, he was executive editor of the "Photography Monthly" (Miesięcznik Fotograficzny[27] p. 57-58

R. Brzeziński opened an establishment specializing in publishing color reproductions in May 1911, in the premises of the former Mikolasz Passage (1/3 Kopernika St.). The establishment eventually moved to Pańska St. (this street exists today as part of Ivana Franka St.). Brzeziński died in February 1915 at the age of 33. [27] p. 75.

Legend:

  • The title, "Plan of the City of Lwów from the final years of the eighteenth century, according to an original kept at the City Archive" (Plan miasta Lwowa z ostatnich lat XVIII wieku wedle oryginału przechowanego w Archiwum miejskiem) is provided at the bottom of the sheet.
  • The bottom left corner shows the name of the client who ordered the publication: "Made possible by the efforts of the Measurements and Regulations Division" (Wykonano staraniem oddź. pomiarowo-regulacyjnego dep. tech.).
  • The bottom right corner shows the publisher: "R.Brzeziński and Co. Lwów" (R.Brzeziński i Tow. Lwów).
  • The measurement line is located directly on the map, to the left. According to Gavrilova's research, the map's scale is 1:2880 [11], p. 18.
  • "Halicz Suburb or first quarter" ([HALICZER VORSTADT oder I tes Viertel]).
  • "Krakow Suburb or second quarter" ([KRAKA] U E R [VORSTA] D T [oder II tes Viertel]).
  • "Żółkiew Suburb or third quarter ([ZOLKIEWER] V O R S T A [D T] er III tes Viertel).
  • "Brody Suburb or fourth quarter" (B R O [DER] [VORSTADT oder IV tes Viertel]).

Map's characteristics:

  • The plan reproduction employs the technique of color lithography.
  • The plan provides a detailed configuration of separate buildings and remnants of the defense walls.
  • The plan provides separate numbering for construction in the city center, and each of the four suburban quarters.
  • Boundaries of the city center as a separate district are not provided on the plan.
  • Suburban boundaries are marked by a yellow dotted line.
  • The plan's title is provided in Polish, however all objects on the map are marked in German.

Toponymics:

The plan's toponymics include around 80 object. All names are provided directly on the plan, next to the respective objects.

  • Street names: Strasse (1), Gasse (21).
  • Hydronyms (3).
  • Sacred buildings (17).
  • Educational establishments (6).
  • Military buildings (10).
  • Maintenance buildings (3).
  • Administration buildings (6).
  • Cemeteries (2).
  • Fortifications or remnants of fortifications (6).
  • Theaters (1).
  • Gardens (1).
  • Hills (1).
  • Unidentified (3).

List of publications in which the map appears:

  • Gavrilova, E. Karta goroda Lvova i ee razvitie, Lvov, 1956. – Figure 5.
  • Drexler I. Wielki Lwów. Lwów. 1920. - Rys. 2

Characterization of the city:

The plan reflects a late-eighteenth-early nineteenth century urban space of the central part of Lviv. 

The graphic execution of the map shows a number of urban transformations from the late eighteenth century. Among the most important changes were the start of the demolition of defense walls and drive in gateways (beginning in 1777), secularization and the closing of most monastic orders and churches (1773, 1783-85), the closing down of churchyards in the central part of the city, and transfer of all burials to the suburbs (1784-1785), the transfer of retail shops from around the Roman Catholic Cathedral to buildings emptied after the demolition of the city gates (1800), the organization of a marketplace at the location of the demolished Nyzkyi Zamok (Low Castle) complex (1802) [23], с. 64, 66.[26], с.30, 98.

Worthy of mention among other innovations of the Austrian authorities are the opening of the university and the institution of a police force (1784), the creation of a postal administration and health service (1789), and the creation of the first sweet shop, founded by Dominic Andriolli (1803) [23], с.68, 70

The city’s capital status promoted the intensification of the construction movement. Among the new buildings shown on the map, are: the building of the General Command (1785), the building of the Marksmen Society (1790), the building of George Hoffman’s "Three Hooks" Inn (1793), the theater and redoubt room in the reconstructed Church of the Holy Cross (1796), the Hecht Casino (1799), and an early part of the building of the Financial Administration (1792-1800) [12], с. 249,  [23], с. 68-70;

Approximate city population in 1790-1795 was 38 thousand people [20], p. 35. Population growth at the turn of the nineteenth century slowed down due to the spread of epidemic diseases [20], p. 30. As of 1807, the population of Lviv reached the mark of 43,614 people (including 40.402 locals and 3,212 visitors) [20], p. 113.

Approximate data as to the number of buildings in the city can be drawn from a report by Baltasar Hacquet, traveller and scholar. As of 1790, Lviv had around 2,759 buildings [20], p. 30. According to another traveller, Bredetzky, as of 1808 the city had approximately 2,515 buildings [20], p. 30.

Entry by: Serhiy Tereshchenko
Translation by: Pavlo Hrytsak

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