
The market square in Zhovkva
- ID: 77
- Place: Zhovkva
- Date: Interwar years (1918-1939)
A photo from pre-war times. The rectangle of the old market square in Zhovkva is closed on the north side by the complex of buildings of the Basilian church and monastery (now Vichev Square). On the right, from the east, you can see the shopping arcades - a long row of tenement houses with porches, some of which were destroyed during the war. Meanwhile, tenement houses with open arcade galleries - porches - are the only example of Renaissance residential buildings in Ukraine. By royal privilege of 1608, buying and selling goods was allowed only on the Market Square, since then 4 annual and 2 weekly fairs have been held here. In the foreground, in front of a horse-drawn carriage, we see a pillar indicating the directions of movement - such markings in the city ceased to exist after the arrival of Soviet power. On the left, from the north side of the square, the domes of the Church of the Nativity of Christ are visible. There are mentions of it in historical sources from 1606, but the original appearance of the church has not been preserved. The church was built with the assistance of the Greek Catholic bishop Josyf Shumlyansky and King Jan III Sobieski at the end of the 17th century, the iconostasis was painted by the famous Ukrainian painter Ivan Rutkovych. The activity of the church is inextricably linked with the Basilian order, in 1682 they built a monastery. During the city fire of 1691, the buildings were destroyed, the valuable monastery library burned down. In 1730, a bell tower was built, in 1780 - a two-story monastery building on the north side, in 1790 - a residential complex for archimandrites on the west side. The entire Basilian complex was surrounded by a wall. After repeated fires, the church was rebuilt in 1837, and it received its current appearance after the reconstruction in 1901, which was carried out by the Lviv architect Edgar Kovach. In 1891, the famous Basilian printing house was opened in the so-called dyakivka near the bell tower, which operated until 1939. The publishing house of the Basilian fathers "Missioner" resumed its activities in the early 1990s. In 1939, the church and monastery were closed by the Soviet authorities, until 1952 the premises were occupied by the local department of the NKVD, and in 1946 the church was subordinated to the Russian Orthodox Church. The first Divine Service in the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church of the Nativity of Christ on September 9, 1990 was celebrated by Bishop Sofron Dmyterko.